02
History & Heritage
From Wiset Chai Chan to Ang Thong
This basin is older than the name Ang Thong. People have farmed it for centuries on a plain with no hills, fed by the Chao Phraya and the Noi. In the Dvaravati period a modest town left its moat at Ban Khu Mueang in Sawaeng Ha, about four kilometres north of the district office. Sukhothai influence still shows in two great reclining Buddhas — at Wat Khun Inthapramun in Pho Thong, and at Wat Pa Mok Worawihan — the pair behind the old boast, city of two reclining Buddhas. Early Ayutthaya treated the land as the capital’s northern fringe. Around B.E. 2127 (1584) the chronicles first name Mueang Wiset Chai Chan, when Naresuan, still viceroy, and his brother Ekathotsarot used it as a muster on the boat road toward Suphan Buri. The old seat stood on the east bank of the Noi, at a hamlet still called Ban Chuan, the governor’s house.
Three explanations of the name still circulate, and the province keeps all three. One reads the land: a bowl (ang) of rice that turns gold (thong) at harvest — the provincial seal, sheaves standing in a basin of water. Another, offered to King Rama VI in B.E. 2459 (1916) by Phraya Boranratchathanin, governor of Monthon Ayutthaya, hears an older village, Bang Kham Thong, or lost channels called Pak Nam Prakham Thong and Mae Nam Sai Thong. A third, from Prince Damrong, says that in Naresuan’s time the Noi grew too shallow for dry-season boats, so the city moved to a Chao Phraya village already called Ban Ang Thong and kept that name. Provincial history then sets the new town at Ban Hae, beside Wat Chai Songkhram on the west bank of the big river, while Wiset Chai Chan remained a town until B.E. 2439 (1896), when it was reduced to a district. In B.E. 2356 (1813) King Rama II ordered a dam in front of the city so the current would feed Khlong Bang Kaeo. The work failed, and the seat moved to the canal mouth at Bang Kaeo, on the east bank of the Chao Phraya, where it still stands. In B.E. 2459 (1916) Mueang Ang Thong became Changwat Ang Thong.
The same plain was a war road in late Ayutthaya. Naresuan’s campaigns crossed Pa Mok, Ban Hae, and the track through Samko toward the elephant duel in Suphan Buri. Local men joined the Bang Rachan defence; Ang Thong still honours Nai Dok and Nai Thong Kaeo at a monument in Wiset Chai Chan, on the edge of Sing Buri’s Bang Rachan country. A story that belongs to this province came a little earlier. In B.E. 2302 (1760) Khun Rong Palat Chu led 400 volunteers from Wiset Chai Chan to meet a Burmese army at Wa Khao, on the coast of today’s Prachuap Khiri Khan. The company was lost. Wat Si Roi, the Temple of the Four Hundred, carries their name.